This study examines Cabrochico, a children’s comic magazine published in 1971–1972 by Quimantú, the state publishing house founded by the socialist Popular Unity government (1970–1973). Specifically, it analyses how the magazine was conceived and implemented as a counter-hegemonic project. Issues 1 to 27 were examined through narrative, visual, and discourse analysis, complemented by testimonial accounts from former members of the magazine’s staff and drawing on both unpublished primary sources and published sources. The findings show that the magazine’s participation in the struggle for cultural hegemony was complex, unfolding through negotiations, creative freedoms, contradictions, and internal transformations. The study concludes with a reflection on the present-day relevance of this case as representative of the tensions between children’s literature and politics, reviewing its immediate aftermath and current responses to it.