Our current understanding of the Earth is the result of a history of conceptual and visual constructions that have been formed from a network of partial visions and specific viewpoints. This article explores some of the earliest scientific representations of the volcanoes in Chile, placing each case within the global context of knowledge production (and visuality) of the contemporary sciences. In this way, it is shown that the images studied do not exclusively inform aspects of Chile's geography, but rather ways of seeing and understanding the Earth, entering into the concert of a global science that integrates the volcanic dynamics of this territory with planetary phenomena.